Sustainability Transition Challenges in the Brazilian Energy Sector

Abstract

This paper mobilizes a Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) approach
highlighting the political and social aspects of the transition process to discuss what
factor explains Brazil’s apparent slowness in the energy transition process in the
face of climate change challenges. The research concluded that Brazil already has a
clean energy matrix compared to other countries, but it is poor in its share of wind
and solar energy; the country remains dependent on hydro as the main renewable;
and engages in a substitution process of hydro with natural gas, which pollutes less
but still emits greenhouse gases (GHG).